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National Technology Day 2026: Chip Mission & MCQs

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National Technology Day 2026: Chip Mission & MCQs

Table of Contents

Quick Takeaway for Aspirants: Observed annually on 11th May, National Technology Day commemorates India's successful 1998 Pokhran-II nuclear tests and the maiden flight of the indigenous Hansa-3 aircraft. In 2026, the national celebration highlighted commercial chip manufacturing milestones under the India Semiconductor Mission, sovereign AI compute clusters, and deep-tech space exploration.

Historical Context & Significance of 11th May

National Technology Day was first officially observed on 11th May 1999 following Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's historic declaration. On 11th May 1998, India conducted Operation Shakti (Pokhran-II) in the Thar Desert under the leadership of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. On the same day, India also successfully test-fired the Trishul missile and completed the maiden flight of the indigenous two-seater trainer aircraft Hansa-3.

Pillars of India's Modern Technology Landscape

Strategic Technology Mission Lead Implementing Agency Key Milestone
India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) MeitY / ISM Commercial fabrication and OSAT/ATMP chip assembly facilities in Gujarat and Assam.
IndiaAI Mission Digital India Corporation Deployment of 10,000+ GPU sovereign supercomputing capacity for startups and researchers.
National Quantum Mission (NQM) Department of Science and Technology Establishment of 4 thematic hubs in quantum computing, communication, sensing, and materials.
Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) NITI Aayog Establishment of over 10,000 Atal Tinkering Labs in schools to foster youth innovation.

30 High-Yield Practice MCQs with Hidden Answers & Explanations

Master Pokhran-II history, semiconductor fab infrastructure, quantum missions, artificial intelligence initiatives, and indigenous space achievements with these 30 practice questions.

Q1. On which date is National Technology Day celebrated across India every year?
  • (A) 28th February
  • (B) 11th May
  • (C) 15th September
  • (D) 7th November
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) 11th May

National Technology Day is observed annually on 11th May to commemorate India's technological achievements, particularly the 1998 Pokhran-II nuclear tests.

Q2. In which year were the historic Pokhran-II nuclear tests (Operation Shakti) conducted under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee?
  • (A) 1995
  • (B) 1998
  • (C) 2000
  • (D) 2002
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) 1998

On 11th and 13th May 1998, India conducted five underground nuclear tests at the Pokhran test range in Rajasthan, formally declaring itself a nuclear weapons state.

Q3. Which indigenous two-seater light training aircraft completed its successful maiden test flight on 11th May 1998?
  • (A) Hansa-3
  • (B) Tejas LCA
  • (C) Saras
  • (D) Marut
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (A) Hansa-3

Developed by CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) in Bengaluru, Hansa-3 was successfully test-flown on 11th May 1998.

Q4. Which indigenous surface-to-air missile was successfully test-fired on 11th May 1998 alongside Pokhran-II?
  • (A) Prithvi
  • (B) Trishul
  • (C) Akash
  • (D) Nag
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Trishul

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted the successful final test-firing of the Trishul surface-to-air missile on 11th May 1998.

Q5. What was the official operational code name given to India's five nuclear tests conducted in May 1998?
  • (A) Operation Vijay
  • (B) Operation Shakti
  • (C) Smiling Buddha
  • (D) Operation Parakram
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Operation Shakti

The Pokhran-II tests were designated ‘Operation Shakti-98', headed jointly by DRDO chief Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and DAE chief Dr. R. Chidambaram.

Q6. In which year did India conduct its first underground nuclear test under the code name ‘Smiling Buddha'?
  • (A) 1968
  • (B) 1971
  • (C) 1974
  • (D) 1978
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (C) 1974

India's maiden nuclear test was conducted on 18th May 1974 at Pokhran under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, termed a ‘Peaceful Nuclear Explosion' (PNE).

Q7. What was the total financial outlay approved by the Union Cabinet for the comprehensive India Semiconductor Mission (ISM)?
  • (A) ₹25,000 crore
  • (B) ₹50,000 crore
  • (C) ₹76,000 crore
  • (D) ₹1,00,000 crore
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (C) ₹76,000 crore

The Government of India approved ₹76,000 crore ($10 billion) under the India Semiconductor Mission to subsidize silicon fabs, display fabs, and ATMP/OSAT assembly units.

Q8. Where is the Tata Electronics mega semiconductor fabrication plant being established under the India Semiconductor Mission?
  • (A) Sanand, Gujarat
  • (B) Dholera, Gujarat
  • (C) Morigaon, Assam
  • (D) Sri City, Andhra Pradesh
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Dholera, Gujarat

Tata Electronics, in partnership with Taiwan's Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC), is setting up India's first commercial wafer fab in Dholera.

Q9. Where is Tata Semiconductor Assembly and Test (TSAT) establishing a major ₹27,000-crore greenfield packaging unit in Northeast India?
  • (A) Guwahati, Assam
  • (B) Morigaon, Assam
  • (C) Silchar, Assam
  • (D) Dimapur, Nagaland
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Morigaon, Assam

The greenfield semiconductor assembly and test facility at Jagiroad in Morigaon district, Assam, marks the first major semiconductor investment in the Northeast.

Q10. What is the primary objective of the IndiaAI Mission approved by the Union Cabinet with an outlay exceeding ₹10,300 crore?
  • (A) Banning open-source software
  • (B) Establishing 10,000+ GPU sovereign supercomputing capacity and fostering indigenous Indian foundation models
  • (C) Financing commercial television broadcasting
  • (D) Regulating international crypto exchanges
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Establishing 10,000+ GPU sovereign supercomputing capacity and fostering indigenous Indian foundation models

The IndiaAI Mission builds high-end public AI compute infrastructure to provide startups and researchers with affordable compute access.

Q11. What are the four thematic research hubs (T-Hubs) established under the National Quantum Mission (NQM)?
  • (A) Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum Sensing & Metrology, Quantum Materials & Devices
  • (B) Software, Hardware, Robotics, Networking
  • (C) AI, Cloud, Blockchain, Internet of Things
  • (D) Space, Defense, Agriculture, Health
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (A) Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum Sensing & Metrology, Quantum Materials & Devices

Approved with an outlay of ₹6,003 crore, the National Quantum Mission advances foundational and applied quantum research across these four pillars.

Q12. Which organization established the network of over 10,000 Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs) across Indian secondary schools?
  • (A) CBSE
  • (B) Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog
  • (C) NCERT
  • (D) CSIR
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog

Atal Innovation Mission set up ATLs to foster curiosity, creativity, and computational thinking among young students from Class 6 to 12.

Q13. What was the name of India's first indigenous satellite launched into orbit in April 1975?
  • (A) Bhaskara-I
  • (B) Aryabhata
  • (C) Rohini
  • (D) INSAT-1A
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Aryabhata

Named after the classical 5th-century Indian astronomer, Aryabhata was launched on 19th April 1975 using a Soviet Kosmos-3M launch vehicle from Kapustin Yar.

Q14. On which date is National Science Day celebrated annually in India to mark the discovery of the Raman Effect?
  • (A) 11th May
  • (B) 28th February
  • (C) 15th September
  • (D) 22nd December
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) 28th February

National Science Day commemorates Sir C.V. Raman's discovery of the Raman Effect on 28th February 1928, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.

Q15. On which date is Engineers' Day celebrated in India to commemorate the birth anniversary of Sir M. Visvesvaraya?
  • (A) 11th May
  • (B) 15th September
  • (C) 28th February
  • (D) 1st November
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) 15th September

Engineers' Day honors Bharat Ratna Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, the visionary engineer and statesman who served as the Diwan of Mysore.

Q16. What is the name of the female-looking humanoid robot developed by ISRO for the uncrewed test flights of the Gaganyaan mission?
  • (A) Vyommitra
  • (B) Mitra
  • (C) Shakti
  • (D) Pragyan
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (A) Vyommitra

Vyommitra (friend in space) is an AI-enabled half-humanoid designed by ISRO to simulate human biological functions and test life support systems in space.

Q17. Where is the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC-SHAR), India's primary orbital spaceport, located?
  • (A) Thumba, Kerala
  • (B) Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh
  • (C) Kulasekarapattinam, Tamil Nadu
  • (D) Wheeler Island, Odisha
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh

Located on a barrier island in Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, Sriharikota is ISRO's primary spaceport for PSLV, GSLV, and LVM3 launches.

Q18. Where is India constructing its second dedicated commercial spaceport to launch small satellite launch vehicles (SSLVs)?
  • (A) Chandipur, Odisha
  • (B) Kulasekarapattinam, Tamil Nadu
  • (C) Porbandar, Gujarat
  • (D) Karwar, Karnataka
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Kulasekarapattinam, Tamil Nadu

Kulasekarapattinam in Thoothukudi district offers direct southward launch corridors over the Indian Ocean, saving fuel for polar SSLV trajectories.

Q19. Which indigenously developed supercomputer was recognized as one of India's fastest AI supercomputers under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM)?
  • (A) PARAM Shivay
  • (B) AIRAWAT
  • (C) PARAM Siddhi-AI
  • (D) Both B and C
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C

Installed at C-DAC Pune under the National Supercomputing Mission, AIRAWAT and PARAM Siddhi-AI feature among the world's top 500 high-performance computing clusters.

Q20. What is the primary role of the Technology Development Board (TDB) under the Department of Science and Technology?
  • (A) Publishing school science textbooks
  • (B) Providing equity and soft loan financing to Indian industrial enterprises commercializing indigenous innovations
  • (C) Managing public bus transit systems
  • (D) Conducting university engineering entrance exams
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Providing equity and soft loan financing to Indian industrial enterprises commercializing indigenous innovations

Constituted in 1996, TDB provides financial assistance to industrial firms commercializing indigenous technologies and adapting imported innovations.

Q21. What does the acronym ‘LIDAR' stand for in modern surveying and remote sensing technology?
  • (A) Light Detection and Ranging
  • (B) Laser Intensity and Distance Amplitude
  • (C) Linear Image Digitization and Recording
  • (D) Low Infrared Dispersion and Reflection
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (A) Light Detection and Ranging

LIDAR uses pulsed laser beams to measure variable distances to the Earth, generating high-resolution 3D topography models.

Q22. What is the term for a quantum particle existing in multiple states simultaneously until it is measured?
  • (A) Quantum Entanglement
  • (B) Quantum Superposition
  • (C) Quantum Tunneling
  • (D) Quantum Decoherence
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Quantum Superposition

Superposition allows quantum bits (qubits) to represent 0, 1, or any linear combination of both, exponentially increasing computational power.

Q23. What phenomenon where two quantum particles become interconnected such that measuring one instantly dictates the state of the other is known as?
  • (A) Quantum Entanglement
  • (B) Quantum Teleportation
  • (C) Quantum Annealing
  • (D) Wave-Particle Duality
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (A) Quantum Entanglement

Albert Einstein famously termed entanglement ‘spooky action at a distance'; it forms the basis of unbreakable Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) communications.

Q24. Which Indian government department celebrated the Silver Jubilee (25th Anniversary) of National Technology Day in May 2023?
  • (A) Ministry of Earth Sciences
  • (B) Department of Science and Technology (DST)
  • (C) Department of Atomic Energy
  • (D) Ministry of Power
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Department of Science and Technology (DST)

DST, along with the Technology Development Board, coordinates the national celebrations and confers prestigious National Technology Awards.

Q25. What is the name of India's indigenously developed regional satellite navigation system operated by ISRO?
  • (A) GAGAN
  • (B) NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation)
  • (C) Bhuvan
  • (D) IRNSS-Kavach
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation)

NavIC consists of seven operational satellites providing positioning services across India and an area extending up to 1,500 km beyond its borders.

Q26. Which joint satellite mission between NASA and ISRO carries the world's first dual-frequency (L-band and S-band) radar imaging system?
  • (A) NISAR
  • (B) RISAT-2B
  • (C) EOS-04
  • (D) Cartosat-3
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (A) NISAR

NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) maps Earth's topography, glacier movements, and ecosystem disturbances with sub-centimeter precision.

Q27. Which statutory body was established in 2023 to seed, grow, and promote research, development, and innovation across India's universities and colleges?
  • (A) UGC Innovation Council
  • (B) Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF)
  • (C) National Innovation Foundation
  • (D) Council for Academic Research
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF)

ANRF was established under the ANRF Act, 2023 with an estimated corpus of ₹50,000 crore to bridge the gap between academia, research, and industry.

Q28. What is the primary material used as the base semiconductor wafer in the majority of modern commercial integrated circuits (ICs)?
  • (A) Germanium
  • (B) Silicon (Si)
  • (C) Gallium Arsenide
  • (D) Copper
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Silicon (Si)

Silicon's abundance in silica sand, stable oxide formation (SiO2), and favorable thermal properties make it the undisputed foundation of the microelectronics industry.

Q29. Which indigenous operating system was approved by the Indian Ministry of Defence for official military computers to replace commercial OS vulnerabilities?
  • (A) BOSS Linux
  • (B) Maya OS
  • (C) BharOS
  • (D) IndOS
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (B) Maya OS

Maya OS is an Ubuntu-based indigenous operating system featuring ‘Chakravyuh' endpoint anti-malware security developed for armed forces networks.

Q30. What is the national vision timeline set for India to achieve a fully developed nation status (‘Viksit Bharat') powered by indigenous technology?
  • (A) 2030
  • (B) 2040
  • (C) 2047
  • (D) 2050
View Answer & Explanation
✓ Correct Answer: (C) 2047

Viksit Bharat 2047 marks the centenary of Indian independence, with science, digital public infrastructure, and manufacturing as primary pillars.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Who coined the national slogan ‘Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan, Jai Vigyan, Jai Anusandhan'?

While Lal Bahadur Shastri coined ‘Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan', Atal Bihari Vajpayee added ‘Jai Vigyan' in 1998, and Prime Minister Narendra Modi added ‘Jai Anusandhan' (Research) to underscore research and development.

What is the total financial outlay approved for the India Semiconductor Mission?

The Government of India approved a comprehensive financial incentive package of ₹76,000 crore to build an indigenous semiconductor and display manufacturing ecosystem.